Case 1 Answers - 4833 Words

Assignment #2 Chapters 1-4 Journal A Cristina Castro Would yo describe yourself as multiracial, or do you see yourself as belonging to a single race? Why? ( page 9) I would describe myself as being multiracial, even though when asked in forms I usually only circle Hispanic or Latino. My mom is Venezuelan, and as far down as we can track all her ancestors were also Venezuelans, on my dad’s side he was European, and all his relatives as far as being tracked down were also of European decent. I believe my family is made up of a diversity of races. Although we are not able to find out where it came from, on my mom’s side of the family there must have been someone from Asian decent, as I have almost Asian†¦show more content†¦It has been an incredible experience for me this new blended learning technique and has actually made me more diverse conscious of new methods of learning styles. If someone were to write your life history, what would we learn about the relationship between expectations and academic success? (page 52) Oh boy, this would be a long paper if it is based on my relationship between expectations and academic success. I first started wanting to study psychology, then decided for modern languages, after that I went for film making and then ended up studying business which is what I am doing now. One thing is always obvious in all the fields that I have tried, which is always to be the best and put a lot of effort into it, but not in all of the fields my expectations actually met my academic success, as most of those fields of study I ended up abandoning them and with that my dreams and then I had to start all over again andShow MoreRelatedAnswer Key To Integrated Audit Practice Case 11498 Words   |  7 PagesManual Online Answer Key To Integrated Audit Practice Case ANSWER KEY TO INTEGRATED AUDIT PRACTICE CASE [Fast Download] ANSWER KEY TO INTEGRATED AUDIT PRACTICE CASE.PDF online answer key to integrated audit practice case provide extensive details and also really overviews you while running any sort of item. answer key to integrated audit practice case offers a clear cut as well as straightforward guidelines to adhere to while running and making use of an item. in addition, the answer key to integratedRead MoreCase Study Anxiety Answer Sheet 1 Essay1193 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Case Study: Anxiety Answer Sheet Diagnosing Tina Student Name: Diagnosing Generalized Anxiety Disorder: 1a. Refer to the DSM-IV checklist for generalized anxiety disorder. Which of Tinas symptoms meet any of the criteria? (Be sure to match specific symptoms with specific criteria.) Tina’s symptoms match all four of the criteria in the DSM-IV checklist for generalized anxiety disorder. Tina worries constantly something is going to happen to her twins which is in correlation with the first criteriaRead MoreAnswers to Video Cases 1 2 Essay example836 Words   |  4 PagesCase 1: Walmart’s Retail Link Supply Chain 1. Where does Walmart’s supply chain start? What triggers Walmart’s Retail Link system to ship goods to local Walmart Stores? Walmart’s Retail Link is triggered by consumer purchases in local stores by point-of-purchase cash register data. This is in contrast to more traditional supply chains which often start with a manufacturer or distributor shipping goods to local stores based on forecast sales or the hope of making more sales by flooding isles withRead MoreCase 6-1 Question Answers 1. I disagree with Chief Scott’s reluctance to place emphasis on the1000 Words   |  4 PagesCase 6-1 Question Answers 1. I disagree with Chief Scott’s reluctance to place emphasis on the â€Å"number of passengers per day.† This data point is necessary to track revenue and adequately accommodate the rider population. 2. There is one overlapping effectiveness measures that should be tracked for the trains and buses: number of passengers per day. There are three overlapping efficiency measures for the trains and buses as well: cost per passenger, percent of maintained time cleanliness standardsRead MoreMat 540 Quiz 4 Essay1470 Words   |  6 Pages Question 1 .2 out of 2 points The standard form for the computer solution of a linear programming problem requires all variables to be to the right and all numerical values to be to the left of the inequality or equality sign Answer Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False . Question 2 .2 out of 2 points In a balanced transportation model, supply equals demand such that all constraints can be treated as equalities. Answer Selected Answer: True CorrectRead MoreMAT 540 Quiz 3 Essay1006 Words   |  5 PagesMat 540 Quiz 3 Question 1 .2 out of 2 points Correct The following inequality represents a resource constraint for a maximization problem: X + Y ≠¥ 20 Answer Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False Question 2 .2 out of 2 points Correct Graphical solutions to linear programming problems have an infinite number of possible objective function lines. Answer Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True Question 3 .2 out of 2 points Correct Surplus variables are only associatedRead MoreBlanchard Importing Essay948 Words   |  4 PagesGroup Case Assignment V Blanchard Importing and Distributing Co., Inc. Read the course pack item â€Å"Blanchard Importing and Distributing Co., Inc.† and answer the following questions: 1. Correct the EOQ and ROP quantities for each of the five items mentioned in the case. How do the corrected figures compare with the quantities calculated in 1969 and with production volumes scheduled for the June 1972 bottling run? Please follow the scheme below to answer this question: a. Investigate the originalRead MoreEssay about Chapter 1 Lab848 Words   |  4 PagesChapter 1 First Look at Computer Parts and Tools Lab 1.1 Record Your Work and Make Deliverables Review Questions 1. What are the eight categories in the Category view in Control Panel? Answer: System and Security Network and Internet Hardware and Sound Programs User Accounts and Family Safety Appearance and Personalization Clock, Language and Region Ease of Access 2. What are the four file types that can be used to save a snip using the Windows SnippingRead MoreMat 540 Quiz 31091 Words   |  5 PagesQuestion 1 2 out of 2 points Correct In a linear programming problem, all model parameters are assumed to be known with certainty. Answer Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True Question 2 2 out of 2 points Correct If the objective function is parallel to a constraint, the constraint is infeasible. Answer Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False Question 3 2 out ofRead MoreEssay on Tafe Assmt 3840 Words   |  4 Pageshave to do Students need to complete all four (4) tasks: Task A Complete 12 short answer questions based on the learning material. Task B Complete five (5) short answer questions based on the learning material and the case study Task C Complete three (3) short answer questions based on the learning material and the case study Task D Complete two (2) short answer questions based on the learning material and the case study You need to have read through the learning material for CHCCS400C Work within

Dr. King s Letter From Birmingham Jail - 1667 Words

In the year of 1963, when racial discrimination was evident in the community, Dr. King delivered two of his most noted works called the â€Å"I have a Dream† speech and â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† to the public. These two pieces, quickly following each other in succession, were literary works of Dr. King devoted to the cause of racial equality and used eclectic devices and appeals to achieve that goal. King’s purpose bolstered in his â€Å"Letter† and â€Å"Dream† speech by key rhetorical devices are supported by audience oriented diction and appeals. King’s rhetorical devices can be similarly and differently used through their support of his stand on racial equality. Dr. King creates several instances in both his letter and speech where imagery places a key and mesmerizing factor in his message; placing his audience and readers in a situation that they were not expecting to experience. The use of visual imagery is a key factor in creating a captivating environment for the audience, utilizing descriptive words such as ‘crippling manacles of segregation’ and ‘boils that are incapable of healing’. This use of imagery gives the audience of both King’s â€Å"Letter† and â€Å"Dream speech† mental pictures to help them relate clearly to the spoken words of Dr. King. Visual imagery allows the public to comprehend why King feels strongly about his beliefs concerning discrimination and aids in understanding through these pictures . However, this use of imagery is also different in a f ew ways. In hisShow MoreRelatedDr. King s Letter From Birmingham Jail1342 Words   |  6 PagesDr. King Lays the Clergymen’s Anxiety to Rest Dr. Martin Luther King addressed many topics in, â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†. He answered all the issues that were aimed towards him in a very skillful and well thought out manner. These issues came from, â€Å"A Call For Unity†, which was a letter that was published by eight local clergymen expressing their feelings about what Dr. King was doing. One concern in particular that King did an outstanding job of confronting was that of the clergymen’s anxietyRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King s Letter From Birmingham Jail1428 Words   |  6 PagesOn April 16, 1963, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. wrote what has become known as the â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail.† A long document, it was addressed to Birmingham’s local clergymen because they had been critical of his work and ideas. Dr. King believed their criticism was in good faith, and pointed out that he was in Birmingham because he had been invited by the local affiliate of the Southern Christia n Leadership Conference, showing the religious commonalities between himself and the clergymen. HoweverRead MoreAntigone And Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail1233 Words   |  5 PagesIn Sophocles’ Antigone and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†, Antigone and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. used resistance against powerful leaders to follow their morals and make a statement. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s approach towards the reconstruction of society’s cultural understanding of segregation used civil disobedience in a more public and large-scale approach, whereas Antigone’s use of civil disobedience defied the law in a much more private, small-scale way toRead More Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter From a Birmingham Jail Essays1088 Words   |  5 PagesDr. Martin Luther King Jr.s â€Å"Letter From a Birmingham Jail† In King’s essay, â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail†, King brilliantly employs the use of several rhetorical strategies that are pivotal in successfully influencing critics of his philosophical views on civil disobedience. King’s eloquent appeal to the logical, emotional, and most notably, moral and spiritual side of his audience, serves to make â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† one of the most moving and persuasive literary pieces of the 20thRead Moreâ€Å"a Comparison of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’S ‘I Have a Dream’ Speech and ‘Letter from a Birmingham Jail’†.1444 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"A Comparison of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s ‘I Have a Dream’ speech and ‘Letter from a Birmingham Jail’†. 9% Similarity Born in Atlanta Georgia in 1929, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., conceivably lived as one of the greatest social and religious leaders in a country where a group of its citizens had to endure excruciating conditions of disenfranchisement, inferiority and degradation of a second class citizenship by reasons of race, color or origin. In effort to condemn allRead MoreAn Analysis of Letter from a Birmingham Jail Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pages Letter from a Birmingham Jail was written by Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. in April of 1963, as he sat, as the title states, in a Birmingham, Alabama jail. King had been jailed for his participation in a peaceful protest of segregation in public places such as lunch counters and public restrooms (Berkley, 2003). While jailed, King read a criticism of the protest by a group of white ministers, who felt such demonstrations â€Å"directed and in part led by outsiders† were â€Å"unwise and untimely†Read MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Martin Luther King Jr.976 Words   |  4 PagesMartin Luther King Jr. wrote numerous speeches in efforts to inspire the idea of non-violent protesting in hopes of eventually reaching racial equality. Under what conditions can a man with seemingly no connection to a local community step in and assume the mantle of leadership as a spokesman for a segment of that community’s population? In all of the speeches, one way or another , Dr. King used several different rhetorical devices in order to defend his own actions. In specific, two of his speechesRead MoreLetter From A Birmingham Jail972 Words   |  4 PagesRhetorical Analysis: Letter from a Birmingham Jail Racism is part of America’s history. Historical leaders like Martin Luther King, Jr. brought the Injustice problems to the light. King, Jr. â€Å"Letters from a Birmingham Jail confronts racism in the United States of America through his response letter to the clergymen criticism, while he is in jail due to holding a protest in Birmingham, Alabama. King, Jr. wrote â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† to defend the non-violent protest. He claims that the protestRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr : Letter From Birmingham Jail Essay1678 Words   |  7 Pages Martin Luther King Jr: Letter from Birmingham Jail Hao Ran Hu SUNY Broome Hao Ran Hu Global History Professor St.Clair 2016 Martin Luther King Jr: Letter from Birmingham Jail One of the interesting Documents in World History is the ‘Letter from Birmingham Jail’ by Martin Luther King Jr who was born as Michael King in 1929 in Atlanta. His parents were part ofRead MoreLetter From Birmingham Jail By Dr. Martin Luther King1510 Words   |  7 PagesLetter from Birmingham Jail was a letter written by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. from a solitary confinement cell in Birmingham, Alabama. Some portions of the letter were written and gradually smuggled out by King s lawyer on scraps of paper including, by some reports, rough jailhouse toilet paper. Violent racist terror against African Americans was so horrible in Birmingham in the summer of 1963 that the city was being referred to by some locals as â€Å"Bombingham†. King had been arrested while participating

Should Nurses Disclose Hiv Status Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Globally human life is exposed to a premier threat of deathly HIV virus which has halted 35 million people to decease and 34 million were populating with HIV boulder clay 2011. In the recent epoch, augmented figure of I.V drug users, insecure blood transfusion and multiple sex spouses are considered high hazards for HIV transmittal, on the contrary fright of stigmatisation, deficiency of credence in the community and effects on sexual relationship are some critical factors which hinder revelation of HIV position and advancing rapid spread of HIV among vulnerable people. We will write a custom essay sample on Should Nurses Disclose Hiv Status Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Continuing the secretiveness of HIV position means endangering others life. Should the septic one hazard the life of others? I assert that unwraping HIV position to sexual spouses and household will diminish hazard of HIV transmittal, better entree to medical intervention and increased chances to societal and moral support for the patient. Advocates argue that the foremost of import benefit of unwraping HIV position to sexual spouse and household is to cut down the hazard of transmittal. Although to make up one’s mind when and how to portion the dismaying HIV positive position is hard but after the revelation, sexual spouses and household members become watchful to cognize their ain HIV position. To command HIV epidemics, Voluntary HIV proving and unwraping can efficaciously cut down hazard behaviours among vulnerable persons ( WHO, 2004 ) . Besides that, the most dynamic effect of Sharing HIV position with sexual spouse is involvement in preventative sexual behaviour. Sexual spouse become interested to cognize the different path of HIV transmittal to follow preventative schemes. We know that despite of the singular promotion in the field of medicine no vaccinums are available for HIV. However, the merely defensive tool is to affect the vulnerable population in precautional behaviours. Research based literatures have concluded that after unwraping HIV position the most frequent preventative behaviour followed by testing is addition in the usage of rubbers ( Lauretta et al, 2010 ) . Furthermore, in the survey of Niccolai, Dorst, Myer A ; Kissinger ( 1999, as cited in Lauretta et al. , 2010 ) it was concluded that the usage of rubber among those who havenaa‚Â ¬a„?t unwrap their HIV position to sexual spouse was about 23 % comparison to 73 % among those who have disclosed. The advocates besides claim that unwraping HIV increase the inclination towards better intervention chances. Normally in our ain cultural context after sharing any alarming diagnosing, non merely patient but customarily his close relations remain in battle to place such intervention centre which is easy accessible and cost effectual. Besides, those who have already suffered from the same disease shared their experiences and battles for intervention which become helpful in designation of different agencies to acquire rid of the disease. During my clinical in civil infirmary Karachi, I have encountered two HIV positive immature patients. The parents of both patients knew the diagnosing and the male parent of one patient despite of limited income shifted his boy to Aga khan university infirmary for quality intervention. Certain intervention like HAART therapy if received in initial phase can cut down the lay waste toing consequence of HIV virus. HAART therapy decreases the patterned adv ance of HIV to AIDS by 86 % ( Sterne et al. , 2005 ) . Early designation, revelation and entree to intervention are good for the better forecast of any disease. Instrumental, informational, emotional and fiscal advantages can be achieved to better entree to medicine through unwraping HIV position to supportive web ( Waddell A ; Messeri, 2006 ) . In the survey of Waddell A ; Messeri ( 2006 ) it was concluded that those who did non concealed their HIV positive position from any family member the average odds of intervention was 0.64 with a high support while those who did non unwrap their Status the average odds of intervention was 0.21. In add-on, different researches have proved the relationship between the effectivity of antiretroviral therapies and HIV forecast. About 80 % of patients are now alive 10 old ages after sero-conversion due to ART ( Oppenheim, 2009 ) . HIV marks CD4 immune cells of the organic structure finally decreases the opposition power of the organic structure and the rate of timeserving infections like Tuberculosis ( TB ) addition. Preventing the patient signifier these timeserving infections can better life quality of HIV persons. In 2010 among 34 million instances of HIV worldwide, 1.1 million instances in sub-Saharan Africa were estimated holding HIV related TB ( Suthar et al. , 2010 ) . To command the overpowering effects of HIV /AIDS revelation facilitate entree to the support commissions. There are different organisations in different states working for bettering the life criterion of HIV patients, for illustration Alaskan AIDS Assistance Association ( 2008 ) supply aid to 300 HIV single yearly in the signifier of money, medicine, occupations, lodging, and instruction in Alaska ( USA ) . Unwraping HIV position seems helpful to acquire societal and emotional support from household. Not unwraping oneaa‚Â ¬a„?s HIV position is striping patient from psychological support which is possible to be achieved through revelation. Family members, friends and equal group become more sort and credence is increased. While believing about and protecting self from the negative reaction ( e.g. favoritism, rejection, and stigmatisation ) from the community, HIV patient attempt to maintain their position secrete with a fright that if my household come to cognize about the diagnosings what will be the effects? It becomes the cause of societal isolation and produces bad impacts like emphasis, depression and low self-pride. But revelation increases societal support, household credence and beef up relationships between patients and household ( WHO, 2004 ) . These positive attacks from the household non merely cut down stress degree but besides the instrumental, moral and fiscal support from household increases the degree of self-esteem. The important others of the HIV positive patient facilitate induction and attachment to HIV intervention. Harmonizing to Norman, Chopra A ; Kadiyala ( 2006 ) revelation of HIV position can enable the activation of household or community support web and cut down morbidity through better psychological direction. Oppositions argue that HIV position of patient should non be disclosed because unwraping the diagnosing consequences in stigmatisation and patients feel fright of rejection in household and community. Furthermore, oppositions besides claim that HIV positive patients are discriminated in the society, their rights of confidentiality are violated and revelation to sexual spouse affects sexual relationship. Due to the mentioned grounds oppositions support to maintain the diagnosing in secretiveness. Protecting others from catching disease is ethical and moral duty of every person. To diminish the opposition and increase credence of HIV positive patient, cumulative attempt are needed to convey a drastic alteration in people perception through verbally pass oning guidance and through engagement of media. As a nurse it is our premier duty to aware the people about HIV and alter the perceptual experience of people about HIV persons. Oppositions besides argue that revelation consequence sexual relationship but one time the position is shared with the sexual spouse does non intend that sexual activities can non be continued any longer. There are alternate preventative steps like usage of rubbers and serosorting to forestall the hazard of transmittal. In peculiar survey HIV positive drug users after sharing their position with their sexual spouses they were experiencing more comfy and relax with a lower anxiousness degree about HIV transmittal ( Julianne, Daniel, Sarah A ; Tinal, 2005 ) . Evidences exist that reding can assist to increase the frequence of revelation to sexual spouse. The effects of guidance was evaluated by a cohort surveies with the result of 56-65 % revelation rate among those who attended six reding session comparison to those who attended three Sessionss and did non unwrap their position ( Scaly et al. , 2012 ) . To reason, being the member of a wellness attention squad we can play a function of pedagogue, counsellor, and advocate. We can cut down the incidence of HIV transmittal by bettering the degree of instruction to allow the people know the path of its transmittal and bar. Today as a nurse we can play function to urge such policies which could cut down the stigma and demand to ease HIV persons morally, emotionally, and socially to guarantee more revelation of HIV position. How to cite Should Nurses Disclose Hiv Status Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Investigation into Supply and Demand of Cigarettes

Question: Discuss about the Investigation into Supply and Demand of Cigarettes. Answer: Introduction This paper will help us to understand the demand and supply of cigarettes in Australia. We shall also mention the factors affecting the market in terms of the supply of and the demand for cigarettes in the tobacco industry, including the income effect, effects of close substitutes and complements, as well as the price and income elasticity of cigarettes in the market. A cigarette is a product derived from cured tobacco and finely processed tobacco leaves, and reconstituted tobacco, rolled or stuffed into a paper cylinder. It is consumed through smoking, either on its own or with other combined additives. The market of cigarettes in Australia falls under the tobacco industry. The tobacco market in Australia is part of the world tobacco industry. There are three important tobacco companies with operations in Australia. These are Phillip Morris International (Australia), Imperial Tobacco Australia, and British American Tobacco Australia which are wholly owned subsidiaries if the parent companies abroad. Despite the restrictive regulatory environment that encompasses these companies, they continue to thrive successfully in operations and are highly profitable. This is in spite of the Australian tobacco market being considered mature with reducing consumption per capita. Information about the operations of the local companies is very limited. This is because the companies are owned overseas and they are not listed in the Australian Securities Exchange. Only British American Tobacco Australia and Philip Morris offer little information on their websites. In the case of Imperial Tobacco Australia, there is very limited information on the operations in Australia. The big part of information that is used in this paper about the market for cigarettes and the Australian tobacco companies and their environments of operation, have been sourced from reports and other literature that were published by other authors. Demand and Supply of Cigarettes For every business enterprise, the determination of the price of its products is very important not only for the success of the product but also for the profitability of the organisation. The organisation must consider the effective demand and the effective supply of its products and come up with the best price that will maximise revenue generation for the organisation. Changes in price of the products will affect its demand and in turn affect the operations of the organisation. These fluctuations in prices will be as a result of the internal or external environment, or both of the conditions in which the organisation operates. Demand for a product or service is how much of the commodity a buyer will want to purchase at a particular price in the market. It is the amount of a particular commodity that a consumer or a group of consumers are willing and able to buy, given a particular price over a specific time. When the quantity demanded and the price are plotted on a graph, it gives the demand curve. The prices and the quantity demanded of a good or service have an inverse relationship. This implies that, the quantity demanded reduces whenever prices increase, and vice versa(Salvatore, 2011). This relationship between the price and the quantity demanded can be expressed in the form of a demand curve as shown in the figure below. The line DD is the demand curve of the commodity Demand for a commodity is usually determined by the price of the commodity in addition to the prices of other related commodities. The relationship between commodities may be in the form of substitutes where the products can be used as an alternative for each other, or can complement each other in that they go together in consumption. However, there are cases where the own price of the commodity does not affect the demand for it. An example of such commodities is cigarettes where demand is not related to price completely and in extreme cases, it is infinite at any given price(Beardshaw, 2001). Philp, Dan and Galt (2009) observed that the demand in relation to cigarette smoking as caused by a number of determinants with the major factor being the current own price of the cigarettes. Due to this, the quantity demanded of cigarettes is a function of its price, the income level of the individual consumer, existence of other related goods like substitutes (herbal and electronic cigarettes, shisha, etc.), and other external factors like raw material and labour availability, which affect the final price of the good. we can then represent this information mathematically as Qd = f (P, Y, R, E), where Qd is the quantity of cigarettes demanded, P is the price of cigarettes, R is the price of the related good in this case its substitutes, and E represents the external factors that affect the final price of the cigarettes. When we consider this equation, it will be difficult to deduce the influential demand of cigarettes due to the diversity of the independent variables that will constitute the quantity demanded and the market price. Hence, we will assume that all the other factors are held constant and then we will analyse the quantity demanded as a function of its price alone. In the figure above, we can note that the higher the price of cigarettes, the lesser the quantity of it is demanded. Consequently, prices will have to reduce for demand of cigarettes to increase. This is the law of demand. The price elasticity of demand is the measure of how much the quantity demanded will respond to the changes in the price of the commodity. Previous studies have found that the quantity consumed of cigarettes is not related to price. This means that changes in the price of cigarettes has little or insignificant effect on the quantity consumed. It is because of this that many economists view the consumption of cigarettes as illogical in the sense that it does not obey the fundamental law of demand in economics. The same applies to consumers disposable income where changes are inconsistent with demand. In this case, income may have a negative effect or no effect at all to the consumers demand. The Australian government has put a lot of effort in reducing cigarette smoking among its citizens. In a bid to reduce smoking in public places and private places of duty because of the harm to other non-smokers and to the environment. Government policies have been put into place, including taxation and retraction in advertising and promotion. These measures have had an impact in the demand for cigarettes, which has reduced considerably especially to the younger generation. Supply refers to how much a seller is able and also willing to avail goods or services to the market at a given price. It is the quantity of a particular commodity that a seller wishes to sell at every possible price in the given market at a particular time, holding other factors constant. Supply is related to scarcity in that only scarce commodities have a price attached to them. The relationship between the price and quantity supplied of the commodity, when plotted on a graph will yield the supply curve. Whenever the price of a commodity is high, suppliers will be willing to bring more of the commodity to the market. the reverse happens when the prices are low- less of the commodity will be supplied. The relationship between prices and the quantity supplied is direct. This is shown in the figure below. The line SS is the supply curve. According to Philp, Dan and Galt (2009), supply in the cigarette market shows the number of competitors setting the price of cigarettes. The quantity supplied is a function of the level of technology which will determine the price, the expenses incurred to acquire resources needed to produce cigarettes, presence of substitutes, the manufacturing process and other external factors such the cost of capital and labour. All these are the factors that affect the supply of cigarettes. We will represent this mathematically as Qs = t (P, Fr, Fm, w), where Qs is the quantity supplied, T is the level of technology used in production, P is the price of cigarettes, Fr is the cost of resources such as labour, Fm is the quality of the manufacturing process, and w represent the other charges like cost of machinery. Identical to the analysis of demand, we will hold the other factors constant and relate quantity to price as its function. From the supply curve above, we can see that investments in production will require a certain level of supply to reach the break-even point. Because of this, the higher the capital spent on the price, the more the organisation will need to supply. It is due to this that cigarette-manufacturing companies differentiate their products and push for a higher supply so as to maximise profit. Whenever the prices are high then there will be high supply of the commodity to the market and vice versa. This is the law of supply. Conclusion We have seen how the forces of demand and supply work in the market for cigarettes and how this information can assist management in making decisions concerning demand and supply. It is important to note that the supply and demand of cigarettes is not affected by its own price but other factors such substitutes and government policy. References BRADFORD, W. D. (2003). Pregnancy and the demand for cigarettes.American Economic Review.93, 1752-1763. BEARDSHAW, J. (2001).Economics: a student's guide. Harlow, Pearson Higher Education. BEGG, D. K. H. (2013).Foundations of economics. London u.a, McGraw Hill Education. BEGG, D. K. H., WARD, D. (2016).Economics for business. CAPELLA, M. L., TAYLOR, C. R., WEBSTER, C. (2008). The Effect of Cigarette Advertising Bans on Consumption: A Meta-analysis.Journal of Advertising.37, 7-18. LIPSEY, R. G., HARBURY, C. D. (2004).First principles of economics. Oxford, Oxford University Press. LIPSEY, R. G., LANGLEY, P. C., MAHONEY, D. M. (1985).Positive economics for Australian students. London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson. MANKIW, N. G., CROUSHORE, D. D., STULL, C. A. (2009).Principles of economics. 1, 1. Fort Worth [u.a.], Dryden Pr. PHILP, B., WHEATLEY, D., GALT, V. (2009). Business Economics, Unpublished Course Notes, Nottingham Trent University, pp. 9-15. PHILP, B., GALT, V. (2009). Business Economics, Unpublished Course Notes, Nottingham, Nottingham Trent University p 2. SLOMAN, J. (2005).The economic environment of business. Harlow, England, Financial Times Prentice Hall. VARIAN, H. R. (2014).Intermediate microeconomics: a modern approach. VICTOR, P. A. (2013).The costs of economic growth. Cheltenham, UK, Edward Elgar Pub. www.chowrangi.com/e-cigarette-quit-smoking-while-smoking.html